{"id":4121,"date":"2024-10-24T11:21:28","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T15:21:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/?p=4121"},"modified":"2024-10-29T14:05:23","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T18:05:23","slug":"paul-r-warren","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/judges\/paul-r-warren\/","title":{"rendered":"Paul R. Warren"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2012<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> \u2013 <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">present\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Federal Judicial Service:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Judge, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Western District of New York<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Education:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">University of Dayton Law School, J.D., <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">magna cum laude<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 1982<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">St. John Fisher College, B.A., <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">magna cum laude<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 1979<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Professional Career:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Clerk of Court, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Western District of New York, 2000-2012<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Private Practice, Rochester, New York, 1982-2000<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Noteworthy Cases:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Gunsalus v. Ontario Cnty.<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Bankruptcy Case No. 17-20445, Adversary Proceeding No. 17-2008:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Second Circuit affirmed Judge Warren\u2019s decisions in both <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Gunsalus <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">and <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Duvall <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">that, under the strict tax foreclosure scheme enacted by Article 11 of New York Real Property Tax Law, the transfer of title of the debtors\u2019 homes to the County was not entitled to the presumption of an exchange for \u201creasonably equivalent value,\u201d under 11 U.S.C. \u00a7 548(a)(1)(B).\u00a0 The transfer of the property in each case was avoidable as a constructively fraudulent conveyance.\u00a0 Under \u00a7\u202f550, Judge Warren found that the return of the properties to the debtors was the appropriate remedy.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Gunsalus v. Ontario Cnty.<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 613 B.R. 1 (Bankr. W.D.N.Y. 2020), <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">aff\u2019d<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 37 F.4th 859 (W.D.N.Y. 2022), <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">cert. denied sub nom<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">County of Ontario v. Gunsalus<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 143 S. Ct. 447 (2022).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">DuVall v. County of Ontario<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 2021 Bankr. LEXIS 369 (Bankr. W.D.N.Y. 2021), <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">aff\u2019d<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 2021 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 216970 (W.D.N.Y. Nov. 9, 2021), <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">aff\u2019d<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 83 F.4th 147 (2d Cir. 2023)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/casetext.com\/case\/gunsalus-v-ont-cnty-in-re-gunsalus\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/casetext.com\/case\/gunsalus-v-ont-cnty-in-re-gunsalus<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Arnold v. First Citizens Nat\u2019l Bank<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In re Cornerstone Homes, Inc.<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">), Bankruptcy Case No. 1321103, Adversary Proceeding No. 15-2030:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Individual investors executed and delivered to defendant banks written assignment of their individual lender mortgages.\u00a0 The assignment of mortgages included the language \u201ctogether with the bond or obligation described in the mortgage.\u201d\u00a0 The Chapter 11 Trustee asserted that the written assignment was not a valid manner by which the defendant banks could acquire ownership of the individual lender notes.\u00a0 The Trustee asserted that the individual notes could only have been acquired by the defendant banks by indorsement and physical delivery of the notes.\u00a0 The Court denied the Trustee\u2019s challenge to the validity of the assignments and held that, because the defendant banks obtained written assignments of the individual investor mortgages from the actual individuals with the legal right to assign their rights under both the mortgage and the underlying note \u2013 and because the assignments specifically included the language \u201ctogether with the bond or obligation described in the mortgage\u201d\u2013 the consolidated notes and mortgages held by the defendant banks were enforceable, secured, and the defendant banks had standing to enforce them.\u00a0 Judge Warren\u2019s decision was ultimately affirmed by the Second Circuit Court of Appeals.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Arnold v. First Citizens Nat\u2019l Bank (In re Cornerstone Homes, Inc.)<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 544 B.R. 492 (Bankr. W.D.N.Y. 2015), <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">aff\u2019d<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 217 F. Supp. 3d 696 (W.D.N.Y. 2016), <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">aff\u2019d<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 9499 (2d Cir. 2017)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/casetext.com\/case\/arnold-v-first-citizens-natl-bank-in-re-cornerstone-homes-inc-1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/casetext.com\/case\/arnold-v-first-citizens-natl-bank-in-re-cornerstone-homes-inc-1<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2012 \u2013 present\u00a0\u00a0 Federal Judicial Service:\u00a0 Judge, U.S. Bankruptcy Court,  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":4373,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[46,38,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-active-judges","category-bankruptcy-judges","category-judges"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4121","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4121"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4121\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4374,"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4121\/revisions\/4374"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4121"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4121"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.ca2.uscourts.gov\/wdny-125\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4121"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}